Some of the therapeutic uses of the sweat lodge/temascal are:
to eliminate toxins through the sweat of the skin
to improve the texture and color of the skin
to de-intoxicate body and mind
to increase vitality
weight loss
improve fertility
treatment with plants’ healing properties (herbal medicine) and the water steam
thermotherapy; viruses and bacteria don’t survive in the heat, the heat also stimulates the endocrine glands and remove impurities in the circulation.
(Read more in La Pipa de obsidian Danza de Luna, Anita Carmona Itzpapalotl.)
Sweat lodges can be built in various ways depending on the surrounding environment and tradition. It is, however, always the same with water poured on hot stones to create the healing water steam. According to the Mexica tradition, and others I have been fortunate to come into contact with, it is also important that the participants are co-creators when building and preparing the sweat lodge ceremony, under the lead of a temascalera/abuela/shaman.
Local medicinal plants are used in the ceremony. Usually there would be some aromatics, some calmatives, or maybe some with properties to heal infections and inflammations. The plants may for instance be hung in the roof of the sweat, used as herbal tea drunk before and/or after ceremony, or leaves can be spread out on the floor where they come into contact with the open and receptive skin and, thus, work healing. Herbs are also put directly on the hot stones, which allows for their healing properties to come inside the body through respiration.